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I-NVENTOR:

PatentedJuly 1-7 1883...

' P. J. L. D RAGHE. FIRE PROOF CEILING.

(NofiodeL) ATTORNEYS.

N. PETERS. mmm n w, wafin m n. C.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' P. J. LEONARD DE RAOHE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FIRE-PROOF CEILING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters. Patent No. 281,467, dated July17, 1883.

' Application filed May 10,1883. (N model.)

' York, have invented a new and useful Im-- provement in Fire-Proof"Ceilings, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters indicate correspondingparts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a floor above a ceiling to whichmy improvement has been applied, parts being broken away. Fig. 2'isasectional side elevation of the same taken through the line :0 ac,Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation of the same taken throughthe line 3 3 Fig. 2.

The object of this invention is to promote security in the constructionof fire-proof ceilings.

The invention consists in a fireproof ceiling constructed withceiling-tiles supported from the joists by hangers, and supporting thefacing-tiles placed against the sides of the joists and the top tilesplaced between the upper parts of the joists, which top tiles and thetops of the joists are covered bya layer of cement, as will behereinafter fully described.

A represents the ordinary joists of a building.

.B arehangers to support the ceiling-tiles O. The hangers B are formedof iron bars bent at the center, so that the arms of the said bars willbe parallel with each other, the bends being so made as to form eyes toreceive the nails or spikes that fasten the said hangers B to the joistsA. The ends of the arms of the hangers B are bent outward or from eachother at right angles, to form hooks to receive and support theceiling-tiles O, the adjacent edges of which are recessed to receive theshanks of the hangers B, and the lower sides of which are recessed to adepth equal to the thickness of the bars of which the hangers are made,so

that the lower surface of the hooks of the said hangers B will be flushwith the lower surface of the said ceiling-tiles 0.

Against the sides of the joists A are placed facing-tiles D, the loweredges of which rest upon the ceiling-tiles O, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.The adjacent edges of the facing-tiles D are recessed toreceive and fitagainst the hangers B, as shown in Fig. 2. Upon the upper edges of thefacing-tiles D rest the lower sides oflthe ends of the top or archedtiles E, the said facing-tiles D being made of such a breadth. that theupper, surfaces of the said top.

tiles E will befiush with the upper edges of the joists A, as shown inFigs. 2 and 3. The upper edges of the joists A and the tops of the tilesE are covered with a layer, F, of cement, upon which the floor-planks Gare laid, and through which the said planks are nailed to the joists A;or the planks G can be laid, if desired, upon strips of timber laid uponthe cement layer F. By this construction the joists A will be entirelyincascd in fire-proof material, and thus fully protected from fire.

' Having thus fully described my invention, I

claimas'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A fire-proofceiling constructed substantially as herein shown and described, andconsisting of the ceilingtiles supported from the joists by hangers, andsupporting the facingtiles and the top tiles, and the layer of cementcovering the joists and the top tiles, as set forth, 7 I

2. In a fire-proof ceiling, the combination, with the joists A and theceiling-tiles O, of the hangers B and their fastening-spikes,substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the said tiles willbe firmly supported, as set forth.

. 3. In the fire-proof ceiling, the combination, with the joists A, thehangers B, and the ceiling-tiles O, of the facing-tiles D and the toptiles, E, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the saidfacing-tiles and top tiles are supported by the ceiling-tiles and their

